Extrusion wani tsari ne na gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu wanda ake matse tubalan ƙarfe ta hanyar bango ko mutuƙar buɗewa don a sami raguwar diamita da haɓaka tsayin shingen ƙarfe.Sakamakon samfurin zai sami ɓangaren giciye da ake so.Extrusion ya ƙunshi ƙirƙirar sassan axisymmetric.Mutuwar madauwari akan sashin giciye mara madauwari ana amfani dashi don extrusion.Gabaɗaya, extrusion ya ƙunshi manyan rundunonin ƙarfi.Babban damuwa na hydrostatic a cikin extrusion yana taimakawa a cikin tsari ta hanyar haɓaka ductility na kayan.Ƙarfe kamar aluminum, waɗanda ke da sauƙin aiki, ana iya fitar da su a zafin jiki.
Nau'in extrusion:
Extrusion kai tsaye:Extrusion kai tsaye, wanda kuma ake kira gaba extrusion, wani tsari ne wanda billet ɗin ke tafiya daidai da hanyar da rago da naushi suke yi.Zamewar billet yana gaba da bangon kwantena mai tsaye. Rashin jituwa tsakanin akwati da billet yana da yawa.A sakamakon haka, ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi.Ana amfani da juzu'i mai ƙarancin diamita kaɗan fiye da diamita na billet don hana oxidation na billet a cikin extrusion mai zafi.Za'a iya fitar da sassa masu fa'ida kamar bututu ta hanyar kai tsaye, ta hanyar amfani da billet mara tushe da madaidaicin da aka haɗe zuwa shingen dummy.
Extrusion kai tsaye:Extrusion kai tsaye (baya extrusion) wani tsari ne wanda naushi ke motsawa sabanin na billet.Anan babu motsin dangi tsakanin kwantena da billet.Don haka, akwai raguwar rikice-rikice don haka ana buƙatar rage ƙarfi don extrusion kai tsaye.Don fitar da tsattsauran ra'ayi, ana buƙatar naushi mara tushe.A cikin m extrusion, kayan samun tilasta ta cikin annular sarari tsakanin m naushi da ganga.Ana nuna bambancin matsa lamba na extrusion a cikin extrusion kai tsaye a sama.Kamar yadda aka gani, matsa lamba na extrusion don extrusion kai tsaye ya fi ƙasa da na kai tsaye.Yawancin abubuwa ana kera su ta hanyar haɗa extrusion kai tsaye da kaikaice.Ba za a iya amfani da extrusion kai tsaye ba don extruding dogon extrudes.
Hydrostatic extrusion:A cikin hydrostatic extrusion an cika akwati da ruwa.Ana watsa matsa lamba ta hanyar ruwa zuwa billet.Ana kawar da gogayya a cikin wannan tsari saboda babu wata alaƙa tsakanin billet da bangon kwantena.Ana iya fitar da kayan gaggautsa ta wannan tsari.Ana iya fitar da kayan da ba su da ƙarfi sosai a cikin ɗakin matsi.Babban raguwa yana yiwuwa ta wannan hanya.Matsin lamba da ke cikin tsarin zai iya kaiwa 1700 MPa.An iyakance matsi ta ƙarfin akwati, naushi da kayan mutuwa.Ana amfani da man kayan lambu kamar man kasko.Yawanci ana aiwatar da wannan tsari a cikin zafin jiki.Matsaloli guda biyu na tsarin sune: zubar da man da aka matsa da kuma saurin fitar da ba a sarrafa ba, saboda sakin makamashin da aka adana ta man.Wannan na iya haifar da girgiza a cikin injina.Ana shawo kan wannan matsala ta hanyar sanya naushi ya haɗu da billet tare da rage yawan mai ta hanyar raguwa tsakanin billet da kwantena.
Tasirin extrusion:Sassan ramukan kamar kofuna, kwantenan man goge baki ana yin su ta hanyar extrusion mai tasiri.Yana da bambancin extrusion kai tsaye.Ana yin naushi don bugun slug a babban gudu ta hanyar tasirin tasiri.Ana iya samar da tubes na ƙananan kauri na bango.Yawancin karafa kamar jan karfe, aluminum, gubar suna fitar da tasiri.
Tube extrusion:Yin amfani da billet mai raɗaɗi da madaidaici a ƙarshen ragon, za a iya fitar da ɓangarori kamar bututu zuwa mafi kusa.Mandar ta shimfiɗa har zuwa ƙofar mutu.Tsare-tsare tsakanin bangon mandrel da mutuƙar ya yanke shawarar kaurin bangon bututu.An yi mandrel don yin tafiya tare da ragon don yin bututu mai ta'aziyya ta hanyar extrusion.
Sanyi da zafi extrusion:
Cold extrusion iya samar da sassa tare da mai kyau surface gama, high ƙarfi saboda iri hardening, ingantattun daidaito, high kudi na samarwa.Duk da haka, tsarin yana buƙatar matsa lamba mafi girma kuma kayan aiki suna fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa.Daidaitaccen lubrication wajibi ne don hana kama kayan aiki da kayan aiki.Ana shafawa da sabulun da aka lullube da phosphate.
Za'a iya amfani da extrusion mai zafi don ƙimar extrusion mafi girma.Nakasar da ba ta dace ba na iya faruwa saboda sanyin bangon billet.Karfe na iya samun oxidized.Layin oxide na iya ƙara juzu'i da kwararar kayan.Ana amfani da gilashi azaman mai mai don zafi mai zafi.Molybdenum disulfide ko graphite sune daskararrun man shafawa da ake amfani da su wajen fitar da zafi.Extrusion na gwangwani ta amfani da gwangwani na bakin ciki da aka yi da tagulla ko kwano yawanci ana amfani da su don fitar da karafa masu aiki sosai da foda.
Fitar da matsi:
Ana amfani da matsi na hydraulic na nau'in a tsaye ko a kwance don extrusion.Nau'i na tsaye suna iya aiki daga 3 zuwa 20 MN.Latsa kai tsaye ba su da ƙasa da sarari, amma billet ɗin suna yin sanyi ba tare da wani tsari ba.Ana amfani da matsi na tsaye har zuwa 50 MN.Tubular extrusion yawanci ana yin su ne a tsaye, yayin da ake amfani da matsi a kwance don extrusion mashaya.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-03-2017