PTFE ana kiransa "sarkin robobi".Roy Planck, mahaifin fluororesin, ya fara nazarin abubuwan da Freon ya maye gurbinsu a DuPont a Amurka a shekara ta 1936. Sun tattara wani ɓangare na tetrafluoroethylene kuma suka ajiye shi a cikin kwalabe na karfe, suna shirye-shiryen gwaji na gaba washegari, Amma lokacin da matsin lamba ya rage bawul. na Silinda aka bude washegari, babu iskar gas.Sun yi tsammanin yana zubowa, amma lokacin da suke auna silinda, sai suka ga cewa silinda bai yi nauyi ba.Sai suka bude kwalbar karfe suka sami farin foda mai yawa, wanda shine polytetrafluoroethylene (teflon).
PTFE ana kiransa "sarkin robobi".Roy Planck, mahaifin fluororesin, ya fara nazarin abubuwan da Freon ya maye gurbinsu a DuPont a Amurka a shekara ta 1936. Sun tattara wani ɓangare na tetrafluoroethylene kuma suka ajiye shi a cikin kwalabe na karfe, suna shirye-shiryen gwaji na gaba washegari, Amma lokacin da matsin lamba ya rage bawul. na Silinda aka bude washegari, babu iskar gas.Sun yi tsammanin yana zubowa, amma lokacin da suke auna silinda, sai suka ga cewa silinda bai yi nauyi ba.Sai suka bude kwalbar karfe suka sami farin foda mai yawa, wanda shine polytetrafluoroethylene (teflon).
Halaye da kaddarorin:
Kayan aikin injiniya na PTFE suna da taushi.PTFE yana da jerin kyawawan kaddarorin ayyuka:
- Babban juriya na zafin jiki:zafin jiki na amfani da dogon lokaci na 200 ~ 260 digiri;
- Ƙananan juriya na zafin jiki:har yanzu taushi a -100 digiri;
- Juriya na lalata:juriya ga aqua regia da duk kaushi na halitta;
- Juriya yanayi:mafi kyawun rayuwar tsufa a cikin filastik;
- Babban man shafawa:m coefficient na gogayya (0.04) a cikin robobi;
- Wanda ba a rufe ba:m surface tashin hankali a cikin m kayan ba tare da adhering kowane abu;
- Mara guba:tare da physiological inertia da kyau kwarai lantarki Properties, shi ne manufa C-Class rufi abu, jarida lokacin farin ciki Layer iya toshe babban ƙarfin lantarki na 1500V.Ya fi kankara santsi.
Ƙididdigar juzu'i na PTFE ƙananan ƙananan ne, kawai 1/5 na polyethylene, wanda shine muhimmin fasalin perfluorocarbon surface.Kuma saboda ƙarfin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na sarkar fluorine-carbon yana da ƙasa sosai, PTFE ba ta da danko.PTFE kula da kyau kwarai inji Properties a cikin wani m zafin jiki kewayon -196 zuwa 260 ° C. Daya daga cikin halaye perfluorocarbon polymers shi ne cewa su ba gaggautsa a low yanayin zafi.PTFE yana da babban yawa na 2.14-2.20g / cm3, tare da kusan babu sha ruwa, kuma ma'auni na sha ruwa bai wuce 0.01%.PTFE shine nau'in polymer mai laushi da rauni.Ƙarfin gravitational na juna tsakanin macromolecules ƙananan ne, kuma taurin, taurin, da ƙarfi ƙanana ne.Zai nakasa a ƙarƙashin damuwa na dogon lokaci.
Bayanin Fasaha
Dakatar da polymerization:a cikin kwandon polymerization, ruwa da aka yi amfani da shi azaman matsakaici, ammonium persulfate da aka yi amfani da shi azaman mai ƙaddamarwa, da tsarma hydrochloric acid da aka yi amfani da shi azaman activator, tetrafluoroethylene ne polymerized a matsa lamba na 0.5-2 MPa da 40-45 ℃ don samun farin barbashi , kuma zuwa sami powdered polytetrafluoroethylene tare da daban-daban barbashi girma dabam bayan mashing, nika, da bushewa.
polymerization na watsawa:Ƙananan adadin masu rarraba (ammonium perfluorooctanoate) da stabilizer (filin fluorocarbon) ana ƙara don fara polymerization tare da redox mai kara kuzari.Polymerization ya kasu kashi babban matsa lamba da ƙananan matsa lamba.Babban matsa lamba shine 2 MPa da 25 ℃, kuma ƙarancin matsa lamba shine 0.6-0.7 MPa da 0-38 ℃.Ana samar da maganin polytetrafluoroethylene polymerization ta hanyar watsawa polymerization, kuma ana samun resin watsawa ta hanyar coagulation, bushewa, da kuma nunawa.A emulsion ne evaporated da mayar da hankali ta wurin taro kettle don samar da wani mai da hankali ruwa, wato, wani tarwatsa emulsion.
Gudun watsawa yana da kyakkyawan aikin sarrafawa da aikin samfur.Polytetrafluoroethylene yana da ƙarfi kuma yana da ƙarancin ruwa.Its barbashi size da barbashi siffar da muhimmanci tasiri a kan narke fluidity, da sarrafa Properties da samfurin Properties.Bambanci a cikin ingancin da aka dakatar da resins da kuma tarwatsa resins shine saboda girman su barbashi, girman girman rabo, da ilimin halittar jiki.Na farko yana da girman barbashi millimeter, yayin da na karshen yana da girman submicron (250-350nm) . Resins da aka dakatar za a iya gyare-gyare da sarrafa su, amma ba za a iya fitar da su a cikin nau'i na manna ba, yayin da za a iya amfani da resin da aka tarwatsa don manna extrusion.A kwayoyin nauyi da crystallinity na PTFE dispersing resins ne kullum mafi girma fiye da wadanda na dakatar resins, tare da crystallinity har zuwa 96-98%, da lankwasawa gajiya rayuwa ne 2300 sau fiye da na dakatar resins.
The barbashi size na tarwatsa guduro samar da emulsion polymerization ne kananan, da barbashi size rarraba ne m, da barbashi ilimin halittar jiki ne controllable, saboda haka tare da mai kyau aiki yi da kuma samfurin yi.
A halin yanzu, kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na resin PTFE ana samar da su ta hanyar dakatarwa da kashi ɗaya bisa uku ta hanyar watsawa.
A cikin 2019, akwai jimillar kamfanonin samar da PTFE na cikin gida 12 tare da jimillar damar kusan tan 140,000 / shekara, wanda ke lissafin sama da 40% na ƙarfin samar da duniya.Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa ƙarfin samar da PTFE na kasar Sin ya fi dacewa da alluran gyare-gyare na tsakiya da ƙananan samfurori.
Ƙarfin samar da PTFE na kasar Sin yana da ƙarfi sosai.Manyan kamfanoni shida a cikin masana'antar suna da kusan kashi 83% na yawan ƙarfin samarwa.Shugaban masana'antar, Dongyue Group, ya mamaye kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kason kasuwa.
A cikin 2019, an kiyasta cewa yawan kayan aikin PTFE na cikin gida yana da kusan tan 90,000, galibi a cikin samfuran gyare-gyaren allura na tsakiya da na ƙarancin ƙarewa, kuma ƙimar PTFE mai girma na guduro na gida yana da ƙasa sosai, wanda ya dogara sosai kan shigo da kaya. mai fitar da net na PTFE.A shekarar 2004, yawan fitar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin PTFE ya zarce adadin da ake shigo da shi daga kasashen waje, kuma karfinsa ya karu sosai daga shekarar 2010 zuwa 2012, kuma yawan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje ya karu kowace shekara.A shekarar 2010, yawan fitar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin PTFE ya zarce ton 20,000 a karon farko, kuma ya ragu da kusan tan 20,000 a kowace shekara. -ayyukan da aka gyara don biyan buƙatun masana'antu na ƙasa don samfuran PTFE masu tsayi.A halin yanzu, babban kamfani na PTFE na kasar Sin yana samar da shi ne daga kamfanonin kasashen waje irin suDaikina Japan,DuPonta Amurka.
Babban aikace-aikacen 5G
Tare da ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar sadarwa ta 5G, buƙatun daidaitattun mitoci da ƙananan kayan dielectric shima yana ƙaruwa.Kayan fluorine suna da ingantacciyar kariya kuma ba a sauƙaƙe su shiga tsakani ta igiyoyin rediyo masu ƙarfi.Fluoropolymers suna da kyawawan kaddarorin dielectric da ƙananan abubuwan asara a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai girma.Za su iya samar da mitoci masu tsayi da kuma aiki mai sauri don cibiyoyin bayanai, hasumiya na watsa sigina, da kayan aikin lantarki na sirri.Don haka, tare da haɓakar 5G, buƙatun kasuwa don manyan ayyukan fluoropolymers shima yana ƙaruwa.
Babban aikace-aikace sune igiyoyin sadarwa masu sauri na 5G, semiconductor, PCBs da abubuwan eriya.
Na USB mai girma da sauri
Teflon resin yana haɓaka aikin lantarki na abubuwan haɗin kebul na kebul da jaket kuma yana ba su kariya ta wuta mara misaltuwa.Waɗannan halayen suna da mahimmanci ga tsarin wayoyi (kamar High-Seed Cable) don cibiyoyin sadarwa na yanki (LAN), cibiyoyin bayanai, da sauran aikace-aikacen sadarwa masu inganci.Sabili da haka, za a yi amfani da fluoropolymers a kan manyan layin watsawa tare da ayyuka da yawa, manyan kundin watsa bayanai, da babban ma'ana.
Semiconductor masana'antu
5G yana shafar ci gaban masana'antar semiconductor da canza bukatun masana'antar.PTFE polymers kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ayyukan masana'antar semiconductor.
PCB da abubuwan eriya
A cikin zamanin 5G, allunan da'irar da aka buga (PCBs) za su dogara sosai akan kayan aikin fluoropolymer, wanda zai iya haɓaka ingancin watsawar 5G.Ana amfani da PTFE don abubuwan prepreg a cikin PCBs da tsarin eriya don cimma haɗin kai mai tsayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-26-2019