Zane-zanen Fitar Fitar Filastik da Nau'in Tsarin Fitarwa

Fitar robobi wani tsari ne mai girma na masana'anta wanda aka narkar da danyen filastik kuma a samar da shi zuwa bayanan martaba mai ci gaba.Extrusion yana samar da abubuwa kamar bututu / tubing, yanayin yanayi, shinge, shinge na bene, firam ɗin taga, fina-finai na filastik da zane-zane, suturar thermoplastic, da rufin waya.

Zane-zane:

Zane na dunƙule yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa filastik.Yana da ayyuka daban-daban guda uku: wato, tsarin ciyarwa;narke iri ɗaya da haɗa filastik kuma a ƙarshe yana haifar da matsin lamba don tura narkakkar kayan ta mutu.Tsawon dunƙule (L) ana nusar da diamita (D) azaman rabon L/D.Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da rabon L/D azaman 24:1, amma don ƙarin haɗawa da fitarwa, yana iya ƙaruwa har zuwa 32:1.Akwai yankuna uku masu yuwuwa a cikin tsayin dunƙule watau yankin ciyarwa, yankin narkewa, da yankin metering.(a) Yankin ciyarwa: A cikin wannan yanki, ana shigar da resin daga hopper a cikin ganga, kuma zurfin tashar yana dawwama.(b) Yankin narkewa: Ana narkar da kayan filastik kuma zurfin tashar yana ƙara ƙarami.Hakanan ana kiranta canjin yanayi ko yankin matsawa.(c) Yanki mai aunawa: Narkakken robobin ana haɗe shi a yanayin zafi iri ɗaya kuma ana tura shi ta cikin mutu.Zurfin tashar yana dawwama a cikin wannan yanki.

Nau'in Tsarin Extrusion

An rarraba tsarin extrusion gabaɗaya zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan guda bakwai dangane da takamaiman aikace-aikacen.(a)Sheet/Fim ExtrusionA cikin wannan tsari na extrusion, narkakkar kayan filastik ana fitar da su ta hanyar mutuƙar lebur.Ana amfani da nadi mai sanyaya don tantance kaurin takarda/fim da yanayin yanayin sa.Za a iya samun kauri daga takarda a cikin kewayon 0.2 zuwa 15 mm.Za a iya yin takarda na bakin ciki ko fim na kayan filastik.Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da filastik polystyrene azaman albarkatun ƙasa a cikin aikin fitar da takarda.(b)Blown Fim FimA cikin tsarin fim ɗin da aka busa, mutuƙar kamar silinda ce ta tsaye tare da bayanan madauwari.Narkar da robobin ana jan shi zuwa sama daga mutun ta hanyar nadi biyu na nip.Ana amfani da iskar da aka danne don tada bututu.A kusa da mutuwa, an saka zoben iska.Manufar zoben iska shine sanyaya fim ɗin yayin da yake tafiya sama.A cikin tsakiyar mutuwa, akwai tashar iska daga abin da za a iya tilasta iska mai matsa lamba a tsakiyar bayanan madauwari, da kuma haifar da kumfa.Za a iya ƙara sashin madauwari mai da'ira da aka fitar sau 2-3 na diamita na mutuwa.An rushe kumfa tare da taimakon farantin da ke rushewa.Nip rolls yana mirgine kumfa zuwa fim mai ninki biyu wanda ake kira layflat.Za'a iya sarrafa kauri na bangon fim ɗin ta hanyar canza saurin rollers na nip. Za'a iya lalata layflat a cikin nau'i na mirgine ko a yanka a cikin siffofin da ake so.Gefen ƙasa na layflat an rufe shi tare da aikace-aikacen zafi, kuma a yanke gaba da gaba don samar da buɗewa;don haka ana iya amfani da shi don yin jakar filastik.Diamita na mutuwa na iya bambanta daga 1 zuwa santimita 300. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da filastik polyurethane a cikin wannan tsari.

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(c)Fiye da Fitar Jaket

Wannan kuma ana kiransa tsarin suturar waya.A cikin wannan tsari, ana jan waya mara amfani ta tsakiyar mutuwa.Akwai nau'ikan kayan aikin extrusion iri biyu daban-daban da ake amfani da su don shafa kan igiyar waya ko kayan aikin jaket.Idan ana buƙatar kusanci ko mannewa tsakanin waya da shafi, ana amfani da kayan aiki na matsa lamba.Idan ba a so adhesion, ana amfani da kayan aikin jaket.Don kayan aiki na matsa lamba, wayar tana ja da baya a cikin mutu, inda ta haɗu da narkakkar filastik a matsi mafi girma.Don kayan aikin jaket, waya za ta faɗaɗa kuma narkakken filastik zai yi murfin kan waya bayan ya mutu.Wayar da ba ta da tushe ana ciyar da ita ta cikin mutuwa kuma ba ta yin hulɗa kai tsaye da narkakkar robobin har sai ta bar mutuwar.Babban bambanci tsakanin jaketing da kayan aiki na matsa lamba shine matsayi na waya game da mutu.

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(d)Tube ExtrusionA cikin wannan tsari, ana fitar da robobin da aka narkar da shi ta hanyar mutuwa kuma ana samar da ɓangarorin giciye ta hanyar sanya maɗaura a cikin mutun.Hakanan ana iya yin Tube tare da ramuka da yawa don takamaiman aikace-aikace, ta hanyar sanya adadin mandrels a tsakiyar mutuwa.(e)coextrusionCoextrusion shine tsarin extrusion na yin yadudduka da yawa na abu lokaci guda.Ana amfani da shi don amfani da ɗaya ko fiye da yadudduka a saman kayan tushe don samun takamaiman kaddarorin kamar ultraviolet sha, riko, matte surface, da makamashi tunani, yayin da tushe abu ne mafi dace da sauran aikace-aikace, misali tasiri juriya da kuma tsarin yi.Ana iya amfani da shi akan kowane matakai kamar fim ɗin busa, overjacketing, tubing, falle/fim extrusion.A cikin wannan tsari, ana amfani da na'urori biyu ko fiye don isar da kayan da aka haɗa su zuwa mutuwa guda ɗaya wanda ke fitar da kayan cikin siffar da ake so.Ana sarrafa kauri mai kauri ta hanyar sauri da girman masu fitar da kayan.(f)Shafi ExtrusionAna amfani da murfin extrusion don yin ƙarin Layer akan takarda, foil ko fim ɗin data kasance.Alal misali, don inganta ruwa resistant na takarda polyethylene shafi ake amfani.Aikace-aikacen murfin extrusion sune marufi na ruwa, takarda hoto, ambulaf, buhunan buhu don marufi da takin mai magani.Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da polyethylene da polypropylene.