Fahimtar kwatancen zahirin da aka gabatar a cikin wannan babin kadai na iya tabbatar da cewa yana da wadatar fa'ida ga masu karatu da yawa, kuma yana taimaka musu su inganta hanyoyinsu da samfuransu.Ana amfani da mai fitar da polymer don narke ƙaƙƙarfan polymer da isar da narkakkar polymer don tsari daban-daban ko tsari.Screw shine kawai bangaren aiki na extruder.Duk sauran abubuwan da aka gyara (motar, akwatin-gear, hopper, ganga da mutu, da sauransu) kawai suna ba da tallafin da ake buƙata don dunƙule don yin aiki da kyau.Gabaɗayan ayyukan mai fitar da wuta ana kwatanta su a ƙasa.
Ayyukan ciyarwa na canja wurin polymer feed daga hopper a cikin tashar dunƙule yana faruwa a waje da dunƙule, kuma da gaske ba ya dogara da ƙirar dunƙule.Screw yana yin ayyuka na asali guda uku: (1) ingantaccen aikin isarwa, (2) aikin narkewa, da (3) aikin awo ko aikin famfo.Ayyukan dunƙule guda uku suna faruwa a lokaci ɗaya a kan mafi yawan tsayin dunƙule kuma suna da ƙarfi tsakanin juna.Sunan geometric na sashin dunƙule kamar sashin ciyarwa, wanda aka nuna a Babi na 1;Hoto 1.3, ba lallai ba ne ya nuna kawai aikin sashin dunƙulewa.Misali, sashin ciyarwa ba kawai yana aiwatar da aikin isarwa mai ƙarfi ba, har ma da narkewa da ayyukan awo.Har ila yau, dunƙule yana yin wasu ayyuka na biyu kamar haɗaɗɗen rarrabawa, hadawa mai tarwatsewa, da tacewa mai ƙarfi ko daidaitawa.Haɗin rarraba yana nufin sake tsara sararin samaniya na sassa daban-daban, kuma gaurayawan hadawa tana nufin rage girman sassan sassa kamar yadda aka bayyana a Babi na 2;Sashi na 2.6.4.Shear refining yana nufin homogenization na polymer kwayoyin ta shearing.Extruder mai dunƙulewa guda ɗaya ne mai ci gaba da famfo mai ɗaukar nauyi ba tare da iya haɗawa da baya ba kuma ba tare da ingantaccen isarwa ba.Abin da ya fara shiga cikin dunƙule, ya fara fitowa daga dunƙule.Polymer, a matsayin mai ƙarfi ko narke, yana matsar da tashar dunƙule ta hanyar ƙarfin da aka yi akan polymer ta dunƙule mai juyawa da ganga mai tsaye.Babu wata hanyar da za ta tabbatar da isar da polymer tare da tashar dunƙule zuwa ga mutuwa.Juyawa mai jujjuyawa yana kama polymer kuma yana ƙoƙarin juya polymer da shi.A ce an cire ganga daga extruder, ko kuma an lubricated daidai, irin wannan ba ya ba da juriya ga motsi na polymer.Sa'an nan kuma polymer kawai yana jujjuyawa tare da dunƙule a daidai wannan gudun kuma babu abin da ya fito daga cikin dunƙule.Ganga na tsaye yana ba da ƙarfi ga polymer mai jujjuyawa kuma yana sa polymer ɗin ya ɗan zame a saman dunƙule.Har ila yau polymer yana jujjuyawa tare da dunƙule yana shafa akan saman ganga, amma a ɗan ƙaramin sauri fiye da dunƙule, saboda zamewa.Zamewar da polymer a kan dunƙule surface tare da dunƙule tashar haifar da wani fitarwa kudi.Fuskar dunƙule mai mai yana ƙara yawan fitarwa, amma saman ganga mai mai yana rage yawan fitarwa.Yana da kyau a fahimci dalilin da yasa skru na kasuwanci ke gogewa sosai, kuma me yasa aka fi son ganga masu tsinke a sashin ciyarwa.Kodayake yawancin ayyukan kasuwanci an ɓullo da su ta zahiri maimakon dogaro da nazari na ƙa'idar, tabbas sun yarda da ƙa'idodin ƙa'idar.Ana nazarin hanyoyin da ke cikin mai fitar da dunƙule guda ɗaya ta hanyar nazarin sassan giciye polymer tare da tashar dunƙule da aka ɗauka daga "gwajin daskarewa".A cikin gwaji mai daskarewa wanda Maddock [1] ya fara yi, ana gudanar da dunƙulewa don cimma daidaiton yanayin aiki.Sa'an nan kuma, an dakatar da dunƙule kuma ana amfani da sanyaya ruwa a kan ganga (da kuma a kan dunƙule idan zai yiwu) don daskare polymer a cikin tashar dunƙule.Ana sake yin zafi da ganga don narkar da polymer, kuma ana fitar da dunƙule daga cikin ganga yayin da polymer ɗin ya fara narkewa a saman ganga.Sa'an nan kuma, an cire ƙwaƙƙwarar ƙwayar polymer daga tashar dunƙulewa kuma a yanke a wurare da yawa don bincika sassan da ke tare da tashar dunƙulewa.Wasu pellets masu launin suna gauraye a cikin abincin don ganin tsarin narkewa da tsarin gudana.Pellets masu launin suna riƙe da sifofinsu idan sun kasance da ƙarfi a cikin ƙaƙƙarfan gado kafin dunƙule su tsaya, amma sun ɓata kuma sun zama ɗigon ruwa a cikin tafkin narke idan an narke su kafin dunƙule ya tsaya.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-16-2019