Extrusion babban tsari ne na masana'anta.Ana narke kayan filastik tare da aikace-aikacen zafi kuma an fitar da su ta hanyar mutu a cikin siffar da ake so.Ana sanya dunƙule siliki mai jujjuyawa a cikin ganga wanda ke tilasta fitar da narkakkar kayan filastik ta mutuwa.Abubuwan da aka fitar suna ɗaukar siffar bisa ga ɓangaren giciye na mutu.
Ƙa'idar Aiki
A cikin wannan tsari, kayan filastik a cikin nau'i na pellets ko granules ana ciyar da su daga saman hopper a cikin ganga.Abubuwan da ake ƙarawa kamar masu launin launi da masu hana ultraviolet (ruwa ko nau'in pellet) ana iya haɗe su a cikin hopper.Kayan filastik yana shiga ta cikin makogwaron abinci kuma ya zo cikin hulɗa tare da dunƙule mai juyawa.Jujjuyawar jujjuyawar tana tura ƙullun filastik gaba cikin ganga.Ana dumama ganga ta amfani da abubuwan dumama har zuwa zafin narkewar filastik.Ana amfani da abubuwan dumama ta hanyoyin da ke ƙara yawan zafin jiki daga baya zuwa gaba.Akwai yankuna uku masu yuwuwa a cikin dunƙule mai jujjuyawa watau yankin ciyarwa, yankin narkewa, da yankin awo.A cikin yankin abinci, ƙwanƙolin filastik na narkewa a hankali yayin da ake tura su ta cikin ganga.Kayan filastik ya narke gaba ɗaya a cikin yankin narkewa.Ana amfani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio don kula da zafin cikin ganga.Ya kamata a rage yawan zafi na robobi wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa a cikin kayan abu.Ana amfani da fanka mai sanyaya ko tsarin sanyaya ruwa don kula da zafin ganga yayin aikin.A gaban ganga, robobin da aka narkar da su ya bar dunƙule ya bi ta cikin fakitin allo don cire duk wani gurɓataccen abu a cikin robobin da aka narkar.Ana ƙarfafa fuska ta hanyar faranti mai karyawa.Har ila yau, taron faranti mai karyawa yana aiki don haifar da matsa lamba a cikin ganga.Matsi na baya yana ba da narkewa iri ɗaya da haɗawa da kyau na narkakkar kayan filastik cikin ganga.Bayan wucewa ta cikin farantin karfe, narkar da robobi ya shiga cikin mutuwa.Mutuwar tana ba da siffar da ake so na samfurin filastik.Rashin daidaituwar kwararar narkakkar filastik zai haifar da damuwa maras so a cikin samfurin filastik.Waɗannan matsalolin na iya haifar da warping bayan ƙarfafa narkakkar filastik.Filastik suna da kyawawan insulators na thermal don haka yana da matukar wahala a yi sanyi da sauri.Ana sanyaya samfurin filastik ta hanyar ja ta cikin saitin nadi mai sanyaya.
Ma'auni na Tsarukan Fitarwa
Akwai mahimman sigogin tsari guda biyar da za a yi la'akari kafin aiwatar da extrusion:
- Narkar da zafin jiki na filastik
- Gudun dunƙule
- Ana buƙatar matsin lamba
- Nau'in mutuwa da aka yi amfani da su
- Matsakaicin sanyaya
Zane-zane:
Zane na dunƙule yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa filastik.Yana da ayyuka daban-daban guda uku: wato, tsarin ciyarwa;narke iri ɗaya da haɗa filastik kuma a ƙarshe yana haifar da ƙwanƙwasa ure don tura narkakkar kayan ta mutu.Tsawon dunƙule (L) ana nusar da diamita (D) azaman rabon L/D.Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da rabon L/D azaman 24:1, amma don ƙarin haɗawa da fitarwa, yana iya ƙaruwa har zuwa 32:1.Akwai yankuna uku masu yuwuwa a cikin tsayin dunƙule watau yankin ciyarwa, yankin narkewa, da yankin metering.(a) Yankin ciyarwa: A cikin wannan yanki, ana shigar da resin daga hopper a cikin ganga, kuma zurfin tashar yana dawwama.(b) Yankin narkewa: Ana narkar da kayan filastik kuma zurfin tashar yana ƙara ƙarami.Ana kuma kiransa wurin canzawa ko matsawa.(c) Yanki mai aunawa: Ana haɗe robobin da aka narkar da shi a daidai yanayin zafin jiki da matsa lamba kuma ana tura shi ta cikin mutu.Zurfin tashar yana dawwama a cikin wannan yanki.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-10-2019